{"id":2418,"date":"2022-08-03T08:00:17","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T12:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/?p=2418"},"modified":"2024-01-03T12:00:40","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T11:00:40","slug":"deti-s-adhd-jak-jim-lze-pomoci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/adhd\/deti-s-adhd-jak-jim-lze-pomoci\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u011bti s ADHD – Jak jim lze pomoci?"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u011bti s ADHD (poruchou pozornosti s hyperaktivitou) se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed nadm\u011brnou impulzivitou, \u017eivost\u00ed a poruchou pozornosti. Rodi\u010de batolat s ADHD<\/a> velmi \u010dasto souhlas\u00ed s t\u00edm, aby jejich d\u00edt\u011b u\u017e\u00edvalo l\u00e9ky, jako je methylfenid\u00e1t. Farmaka p\u016fsob\u00ed pouze po kr\u00e1tkou dobu a mohou zp\u016fsobit mnoho vedlej\u0161\u00edch \u00fa\u010dink\u016f, jako je zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed srde\u010dn\u00ed frekvence nebo zm\u011bny DNA. N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed s ADHD se rozhodnou l\u00e9\u010dit sv\u00e9 batole p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi metodami. M\u011bli by v\u0161ak b\u00fdt trp\u011bliv\u00ed a vypracovat d\u016fkladn\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00ed pl\u00e1n. Jak pomoci hyperaktivn\u00edmu d\u00edt\u011bti? Co d\u011blat a \u010deho se vyvarovat? Jak\u00e9 jsou dal\u0161\u00ed zp\u016fsoby l\u00e9\u010dby hyperaktivn\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed?<\/p>\n

D\u011bti s ADHD<\/h4>\n

D\u011bti s ADHD jsou batolata posti\u017een\u00e1 poruchou pozornosti s hyperaktivitou. ADHD, zn\u00e1m\u00e1 tak\u00e9 jako porucha pozornosti s hyperaktivitou, zp\u016fsobuje, \u017ee se d\u00edt\u011b nedok\u00e1\u017ee soust\u0159edit na to, co d\u011bl\u00e1, neposlouch\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edkazy rodi\u010d\u016f a nedok\u00e1\u017ee v klidu sed\u011bt. ADHD se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, jako je nadm\u011brn\u00e1 impulzivita a zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bnost a porucha pozornosti. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD je velmi snadno rozpt\u00fdliteln\u00e9, zam\u011b\u0159uje svou pozornost na v\u0161echny podn\u011bty kolem sebe a nen\u00ed schopno rozli\u0161ovat mezi relevantn\u00edmi a irelevantn\u00edmi podn\u011bty. To je zp\u016fsobeno poruchou nervov\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu, v n\u011bm\u017e excita\u010dn\u00ed procesy p\u0159evl\u00e1daj\u00ed nad inhibi\u010dn\u00edmi. Poruchou pozornosti s hyperaktivitou trp\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 5-7 % d\u011bt\u00ed. Chlapci trp\u00ed ADHD dvakr\u00e1t \u010dast\u011bji ne\u017e d\u00edvky. U d\u00edvek se ADHD projevuje sp\u00ed\u0161e v podob\u011b poruch soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00ed – jsou neposedn\u00e9. U chlapc\u016f se ADHD projevuje v\u00fdrazn\u011bji v podob\u011b poruch chov\u00e1n\u00ed – jsou impulzivn\u00ed, agresivn\u00ed, neposlu\u0161n\u00ed. Velmi \u010dasto se o nich mluv\u00ed jako o “zlobiv\u00fdch d\u011btech” nebo obvi\u0148uj\u00ed sv\u00e9 rodi\u010de ze selh\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdchovy. Hyperaktivn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 kv\u016fli nepozornosti mnoho chyb, nedok\u00e1\u017ee se soust\u0159edit na detaily, nevydr\u017e\u00ed sed\u011bt v lavici 45 minut. Nedodr\u017euje pokyny, nedok\u00e1\u017ee udr\u017eet pozornost del\u0161\u00ed dobu, neum\u00ed si zorganizovat pr\u00e1ci a \u010dinnosti, ztr\u00e1c\u00ed v\u011bci, je roztr\u017eit\u00e9 a zapomn\u011btliv\u00e9. Krom\u011b toho je st\u00e1le v pohybu, nerv\u00f3zn\u011b pohybuje rukama nebo nohama, vst\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u011bhem vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ze \u017eidle, je nadm\u011brn\u011b hovorn\u00fd, nedok\u00e1\u017ee po\u010dkat, a\u017e na n\u011bj p\u0159ijde \u0159ada, sk\u00e1\u010de, aby odpov\u011bd\u011bl d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e je mu polo\u017eena ot\u00e1zka, ru\u0161\u00ed ostatn\u00ed. Chyb\u00ed mu sebekontrola a reflexe vlastn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Nedok\u00e1\u017ee se p\u0159izp\u016fsobit spole\u010densk\u00fdm norm\u00e1m, co\u017e \u010dasto zp\u016fsobuje pot\u00ed\u017ee ve vztaz\u00edch s vrstevn\u00edky. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD m\u016f\u017ee cht\u00edt p\u0159evz\u00edt iniciativu ve h\u0159e, neum\u00ed prohr\u00e1vat, nesnese ne\u00fasp\u011bch a \u010dasto ne\u00famysln\u011b \u0161kod\u00ed ostatn\u00edm d\u011btem. Kv\u016fli nezvl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed vlastn\u00edch emoc\u00ed a nedostatku vytrvalosti nedokon\u010d\u00ed zapo\u010dat\u00e9 \u00fakoly, co\u017e znemo\u017e\u0148uje dosa\u017een\u00ed c\u00edl\u016f. Mezi dal\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD pat\u0159\u00ed: probl\u00e9my se sp\u00e1nkem, nervov\u00e9 tiky (nerv\u00f3zn\u00ed mrk\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00ed\u010dky, d\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed obli\u010dej\u016f, h\u00e1zen\u00ed rukou), pomo\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed a kokt\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

ADHD ve vztahu k v\u011bku<\/h4>\n

ADHD p\u0159edstavuje \u0159adu probl\u00e9m\u016f a obraz se li\u0161\u00ed v z\u00e1vislosti na v\u011bku. Nej\u010dast\u011bji je obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010dit po\u010d\u00e1tek p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, ale rysy hyperaktivity lze pozorovat ji\u017e v ran\u00e9m d\u011btstv\u00ed. Objevuj\u00ed se probl\u00e9my s chut\u00ed k j\u00eddlu nebo se sp\u00e1nkem. D\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nadm\u011brn\u011b podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9. V mate\u0159sk\u00e9 \u0161kole mohou vznikat konflikty s vrstevn\u00edky v d\u016fsledku velmi vysok\u00e9 impulzivity a mohou se projevit pot\u00ed\u017ee s u\u010den\u00edm a dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm soci\u00e1ln\u00edch norem. Nejsn\u00e1ze si v\u0161ak obvykle v\u0161imneme zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 pohyblivosti a emo\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159ecitliv\u011blosti d\u00edt\u011bte. \u0160koln\u00ed v\u011bk je obdob\u00edm, kdy se p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD st\u00e1vaj\u00ed z\u0159eteln\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi. Krom\u011b nadm\u011brn\u00e9 zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bnosti a impulzivity se probl\u00e9mem st\u00e1vaj\u00ed poruchy pozornosti, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed dobr\u00fdm studijn\u00edm v\u00fdsledk\u016fm. Postupem \u010dasu v\u0161ak p\u0159\u00edznaky postupn\u011b ustupuj\u00ed, co\u017e se obvykle projevuje sn\u00ed\u017eenou pohybovou aktivitou d\u00edt\u011bte. Bohu\u017eel asi u 70 % dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00edch s hyperaktivitou p\u0159\u00edznaky st\u00e1le p\u0159etrv\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Obt\u00ed\u017ee v soci\u00e1ln\u00edch interakc\u00edch – s vrstevn\u00edky i dosp\u011bl\u00fdmi – jsou v tomto obdob\u00ed obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b v\u00fdrazn\u00e9. Obt\u00ed\u017ee p\u0159i u\u010den\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako p\u0159i sestavov\u00e1n\u00ed pl\u00e1n\u016f a jejich realizaci, sni\u017euj\u00ed \u0161ance na z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00edho intelektov\u00fdm schopnostem. Zvy\u0161uje se tak\u00e9 riziko komplikac\u00ed (nap\u0159. z\u00e1vislost\u00ed, asoci\u00e1ln\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, sebevra\u017ed, depres\u00ed, konflikt\u016f se z\u00e1konem). Pouze u 5 % d\u011bt\u00ed s ADHD se v dosp\u011blosti projev\u00ed cel\u00fd soubor p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f. A\u017e u poloviny z nich v\u0161ak budou p\u0159etrv\u00e1vat alespo\u0148 n\u011bkter\u00e9 z p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, co\u017e v jejich \u017eivot\u011b nez\u016fstane bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed. Mohou se proto pot\u00fdkat s \u010detn\u00fdmi probl\u00e9my v profesn\u00edm i osobn\u00edm \u017eivot\u011b a dokonce i se z\u00e1va\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi \u017eivotn\u00edmi krizemi.<\/p>\n

D\u011bti s ADHD ve \u0161kole<\/h4>\n

D\u011bti s ADHD jsou velmi \u010dasto vn\u00edm\u00e1ny jako neposlu\u0161n\u00e9, nevychovan\u00e9, obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 nebo neuk\u00e1zn\u011bn\u00e9. Nadm\u011brn\u00e1 impulzivita a hyperaktivita zp\u016fsobuj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u010ditel\u00e9 nespr\u00e1vn\u011b hodnot\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte s poruchou pozornosti a hyperaktivitou. D\u00edt\u011b, kter\u00e9 se pot\u00fdk\u00e1 s ADHD, m\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee se soust\u0159ed\u011bn\u00edm. To v\u00fdrazn\u011b ovliv\u0148uje jeho studijn\u00ed v\u00fdsledky a celkov\u00e9 fungov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi vrstevn\u00edky. Ne\u00fasp\u011bchy ve \u0161kole maj\u00ed za n\u00e1sledek n\u00edzk\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed, nedostatek motivace k v\u00fdkonu a nechu\u0165 k dal\u0161\u00edmu nebo vy\u0161\u0161\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed s ADHD vn\u00edmaj\u00ed \u0161kolu jako zdroj sv\u00e9ho ne\u00fasp\u011bchu. D\u011bti jsou \u010dasto vystaveny nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdm pozn\u00e1mk\u00e1m, a to jak ze strany vrstevn\u00edk\u016f, tak ze strany u\u010ditel\u016f. Snaha o p\u0159ijet\u00ed a uzn\u00e1n\u00ed v o\u010d\u00edch ostatn\u00edch m\u016f\u017ee zahrnovat touhu zap\u016fsobit na vrstevn\u00edky. D\u00edt\u011b m\u016f\u017ee u\u017e\u00edvat cigarety, alkohol nebo jin\u00e9 psychoaktivn\u00ed l\u00e1tky, nap\u0159. stimulanty nebo drogy, aby zap\u016fsobilo na ostatn\u00ed. Probl\u00e9mem se m\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t tak\u00e9 z\u00e1\u0161kol\u00e1ctv\u00ed a pa\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed. Role rodi\u010d\u016f a u\u010ditel\u016f v \u017eivot\u011b d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD je nesm\u00edrn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1. Aby se zv\u00fd\u0161il blahobyt d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD, aby se p\u0159im\u011b\u0159en\u011b vyu\u017eily jeho intelektov\u00e9 schopnosti a aby se p\u0159ede\u0161lo spole\u010densky n\u00e1kladn\u00fdm komplikac\u00edm, je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 ho \u0161ikovn\u011b podporovat p\u0159i p\u0159ekon\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed \u0161koln\u00edch obt\u00ed\u017e\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Obt\u00ed\u017ee d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD<\/h4>\n

D\u00edt\u011b posti\u017een\u00e9 ADHD se m\u016f\u017ee b\u011bhem vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho obdob\u00ed setkat s mnoha obt\u00ed\u017eemi. Str\u00e1vit p\u011bta\u010dty\u0159icet minut bez opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed lavice m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro hyperaktivn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b velmi problematick\u00e9. Aby toho nebylo m\u00e1lo, d\u00edt\u011b s ADHD m\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee se zapamatov\u00e1n\u00edm nov\u00e9 l\u00e1tky, co\u017e je z velk\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti zp\u016fsobeno poruchou pozornosti. Je pro n\u011bj obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 vybrat z velk\u00e9ho mno\u017estv\u00ed informac\u00ed ty, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 a na kter\u00e9 by se m\u011blo soust\u0159edit. Pobyt ve \u0161kole m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro d\u00edt\u011b velmi ru\u0161iv\u00fd, proto\u017ee ho snadno rozptyluj\u00ed jin\u00e9 podn\u011bty (zp\u011bv pt\u00e1k\u016f, hlasit\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed, k\u00fdch\u00e1n\u00ed). Velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem je nap\u0159\u00edklad dlouh\u00e9 \u010dten\u00ed, kter\u00e9 se \u0161patn\u011b pamatuje. Osvojen\u00ed l\u00e1tky je pro hyperaktivn\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b snaz\u0161\u00ed, pokud je mu p\u0159edkl\u00e1d\u00e1na ve form\u011b kr\u00e1tk\u00fdch, stru\u010dn\u00fdch, podtr\u017een\u00fdch nebo zv\u00fdrazn\u011bn\u00fdch v\u011bt. N\u00edzk\u00e1 koncentrace, nadm\u011brn\u00e1 impulzivita, p\u0159\u00edli\u0161n\u00e1 zanepr\u00e1zdn\u011bnost u\u010den\u00ed neprosp\u00edvaj\u00ed. D\u011bti s ADHD jsou \u010dasto zat\u00ed\u017eeny:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • dyslexi\u00ed (probl\u00e9my s u\u010den\u00edm p\u0159i \u010dten\u00ed),<\/li>\n
  • dysortografi\u00ed (d\u011bl\u00e1 pravopisn\u00e9 chyby, p\u0159esto\u017ee zn\u00e1 pravidla pravopisu),<\/li>\n
  • dysgrafie (probl\u00e9my s psan\u00edm),<\/li>\n
  • dyskalkulie (zhor\u0161en\u00e1 schopnost prov\u00e1d\u011bt aritmetick\u00e9 operace).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u010cten\u00ed, psan\u00ed a po\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed jsou dovednosti, na kter\u00e9 \u0161kola klade zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed d\u016fraz. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016fm shroma\u017e\u010fovat a sd\u011blovat poznatky, a t\u00edm jim usnad\u0148uj\u00ed porozum\u011bn\u00ed a uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed sv\u011bta kolem nich. Deficity v t\u011bchto oblastech proto p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed pro d\u00edt\u011b velk\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee a d\u00e1le sni\u017euj\u00ed \u0161ance na \u00fasp\u011bch ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. S v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00fdmi specifick\u00fdmi \u0161koln\u00edmi obt\u00ed\u017eemi se u d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD nez\u0159\u00eddka vyskytuj\u00ed sou\u010dasn\u011b i jazykov\u00e9 poruchy. Mohou se projevovat mimo jin\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 rychl\u00fdm a hlasit\u00fdm mluven\u00edm, \u010dast\u00fdm odb\u00edh\u00e1n\u00edm od t\u00e9matu, nedostate\u010dnou schopnost\u00ed sestavit stylisticky a gramaticky spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi a nedodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00edm obecn\u011b p\u0159ijat\u00fdch pravidel konverzace. To je dal\u0161\u00ed faktor, kter\u00fd v\u00fdrazn\u011b zt\u011b\u017euje u\u010den\u00ed a \u00fasp\u011bch ve \u0161kole. Jazykov\u00e9 posti\u017een\u00ed nav\u00edc v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161uje schopnost komunikace s vrstevn\u00edky i dosp\u011bl\u00fdmi, co\u017e m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k izolaci, pocit\u016fm osam\u011blosti a d\u00e1le k n\u00edzk\u00e9mu sebev\u011bdom\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    P\u0159irozen\u00e9 zp\u016fsoby \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed ADHD<\/h4>\n

    P\u0159ipravte d\u00edt\u011bti denn\u00ed rozvrh – tato rada plat\u00ed pro v\u0161echny d\u011bti, ale je obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1 pro batolata s ADHD. Batole by m\u011blo v\u011bd\u011bt, kdy m\u00e1 \u010das na hran\u00ed, kdy m\u00e1 d\u011blat dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly, v kolik hodin bude ob\u011bdvat a ve\u010de\u0159et. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD by m\u011blo vyb\u00edjet p\u0159ebyte\u010dnou energii b\u011bhem aktivit napl\u00e1novan\u00fdch rodi\u010di (j\u00edzda na kole, baz\u00e9n, proch\u00e1zka v parku, b\u011bh) a ne b\u011bhem jin\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed (j\u00eddlo, dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly). Je tak\u00e9 vhodn\u00e9 pamatovat na stravu podpo\u0159enou dopl\u0148ky stravy. Strava d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD mus\u00ed b\u00fdt bez cukru a um\u011bl\u00fdch barviv, kter\u00e1 zhor\u0161uj\u00ed podr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bnost a impulzivitu. Rodi\u010de by m\u011bli prov\u00e9st testov\u00e1n\u00ed kvasinek, aby si ov\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee v\u00fdrobky s kvasinkami nezp\u016fsobuj\u00ed smyslov\u00e9 a funk\u010dn\u00ed poruchy. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD by m\u011blo j\u00edst hodn\u011b \u010derstv\u00e9 zeleniny a ovoce. P\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed prost\u0159edky pom\u00e1haj\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bti regulovat emoce, zvy\u0161uj\u00ed koncentraci, udr\u017euj\u00ed klid a rozum a podporuj\u00ed zdrav\u00fd p\u0159\u00edsun kysl\u00edku do mozku. Dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eitou ot\u00e1zkou je rozhovor s d\u00edt\u011btem. Rodi\u010de mu mus\u00ed \u0159\u00edci, co se d\u011bje a co m\u016f\u017ee o\u010dek\u00e1vat. Je t\u0159eba mu \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee m\u00e1 je\u0161t\u011b p\u011bt minut \u010dasu na hran\u00ed a pak spole\u010dn\u011b opust\u00edme park a p\u016fjdeme na ve\u010de\u0159i. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD pot\u0159ebuje m\u00edt na\u010dasov\u00e1no. P\u00e9\u010de o batole s ADHD je nesm\u00edrn\u011b vy\u010derp\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed – nejlep\u0161\u00ed je doprovodit ho ke sp\u00e1nku. Pokud m\u00e1 batole probl\u00e9my s us\u00edn\u00e1n\u00edm, mohou mu rodi\u010de \u010d\u00edst kn\u00ed\u017eku. Mas\u00e1\u017e zad s relaxa\u010dn\u00ed hudbou d\u00edt\u011b ur\u010dit\u011b uklidn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

    Tipy pro rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed s ADHD<\/h4>\n

    Batolata s ADHD pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm \u0159\u00e1d, d\u016fslednost a rutinu. Jak m\u016f\u017eete sv\u00e9mu hyperaktivn\u00edmu d\u00edt\u011bti pomoci?<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Zajist\u011bte po\u0159\u00e1dek ve vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm prost\u0159ed\u00ed – zave\u010fte \u0159\u00e1d a rutinu. D\u011bti s ADHD maj\u00ed r\u00e1dy pevn\u00fd rozvrh dne a v\u011bd\u00ed, co je \u010dek\u00e1, kdy je \u010das na j\u00eddlo, na dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly, na odpo\u010dinek a na span\u00ed. To jim d\u00e1v\u00e1 pocit jistoty a st\u00e1losti.<\/li>\n
    • Bu\u010fte tolerantn\u00edm a trp\u011bliv\u00fdm rodi\u010dem! \u00danavn\u00e9 chov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte je \u00fanavn\u00e9 i pro d\u00edt\u011b samotn\u00e9 – batole m\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee ve \u0161kole, nem\u016f\u017ee si naj\u00edt kamar\u00e1dy, c\u00edt\u00ed se osam\u011ble, je pro n\u011bj obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 usp\u011bt a c\u00edtit se spokojen\u00e9.<\/li>\n
    • Omezte mno\u017estv\u00ed podn\u011bt\u016f a udr\u017eujte ho v klidu! Kdy\u017e d\u00edt\u011b d\u011bl\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly, vypn\u011bte televizi. Kdy\u017e batole j\u00ed, nenechte ho sed\u011bt u po\u010d\u00edta\u010de. Plat\u00ed obecn\u00e9 pravidlo: “Co nejm\u00e9n\u011b ru\u0161iv\u00fdch vliv\u016f – rozptylov\u00e1n\u00ed!”.<\/li>\n
    • Pou\u017e\u00edvejte jednoduch\u00e1 sd\u011blen\u00ed! Bu\u010fte konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed a jasn\u00ed – m\u00edsto “Ukli\u010f si pokoj” je lep\u0161\u00ed \u0159\u00edct “Ustel si postel” nebo “Dej oble\u010den\u00ed do sk\u0159\u00edn\u011b”.<\/li>\n
    • Pl\u00e1nujte – hyperaktivn\u00ed d\u011bti snadno vyvede z rovnov\u00e1hy n\u011bco ne\u010dekan\u00e9ho a n\u00e1hl\u00e9ho.<\/li>\n
    • P\u0159edv\u00eddejte a pracujte po mal\u00fdch kroc\u00edch – rozd\u011blte \u00fakoly na jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed, m\u00e9n\u011b vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a po ka\u017ed\u00e9 z nich d\u00edt\u011b odm\u011b\u0148te, abyste podpo\u0159ili jeho motivaci a chu\u0165 pokra\u010dovat v pr\u00e1ci.<\/li>\n
    • Uspo\u0159\u00e1dejte d\u00edt\u011bti pracovn\u00ed prostor – m\u011bl by b\u00fdt pohodln\u00fd, tich\u00fd, s mal\u00fdm mno\u017estv\u00edm p\u0159edm\u011bt\u016f v okol\u00ed, kter\u00e9 by batole rozptylovaly. V ide\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b by se pracovn\u00ed prostor va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte m\u011bl skl\u00e1dat ze stolu, \u017eidle a lampy. Nulov\u00e9 plak\u00e1ty, z\u00e1sobn\u00edky na n\u00e1dob\u00ed, ply\u0161ov\u00e9 medv\u00eddky, hra\u010dky atd.<\/li>\n
    • Chvalte d\u00edt\u011b za ka\u017ed\u00fd mal\u00fd pokrok! Vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed odm\u011bny mobilizuj\u00ed \u00fasil\u00ed va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/li>\n
    • Vyhledejte pro sv\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b odbornou podporu u psychiatr\u016f a d\u011btsk\u00fdch psycholog\u016f a v m\u00edstn\u00edch pedagogicko-psychologick\u00fdch poradn\u00e1ch.<\/li>\n
    • Neobvi\u0148ujte se z ne\u00fasp\u011bch\u016f a nezdar\u016f. I ten nejlep\u0161\u00ed rodi\u010d ztrat\u00ed trp\u011blivost a propukne v agresi.<\/li>\n
    • Um\u011bt p\u0159iznat svou chybu a omluvit se d\u00edt\u011bti, kdy\u017e ztrat\u00edte nervy.<\/li>\n
    • Zave\u010fte ritu\u00e1l p\u0159ed span\u00edm – ve\u010de\u0159e, koupel, \u010dten\u00ed poh\u00e1dky, sp\u00e1nek. D\u00edky tomu bude hyperaktivn\u00ed batole sn\u00e1ze us\u00ednat.<\/li>\n
    • Pravideln\u011b d\u00edt\u011b krmte. Vyh\u00fdbejte se potravin\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed hodn\u011b cukru, konzerva\u010dn\u00edch l\u00e1tek, um\u011bl\u00fdch barviv a kofeinu – ty mohou ji\u017e tak \u00fazkostn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce stimulovat.<\/li>\n
    • P\u0159izp\u016fsobte tempo pr\u00e1ce du\u0161evn\u00edm a fyzick\u00fdm schopnostem d\u00edt\u011bte.<\/li>\n
    • P\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lejte o tom, \u017ee byste d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159ihl\u00e1sili do dal\u0161\u00edch aktivit, kde by mohlo vyu\u017e\u00edt svou p\u0159ebyte\u010dnou energii a nau\u010dit se spole\u010densk\u00fdm pravidl\u016fm. M\u016f\u017ee se jednat o plav\u00e1n\u00ed v baz\u00e9nu, fotbal, tai-chi, j\u00edzdu na kole apod.<\/li>\n
    • Organizujte \u010das sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte pomoc\u00ed pom\u016fcek, jako jsou di\u00e1\u0159e, kalend\u00e1\u0159e, pozn\u00e1mkov\u00e9 bloky a n\u00e1st\u011bnky.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      V\u011bdomosti sd\u011blen\u00e9 zaj\u00edmav\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem se l\u00e9pe vst\u0159eb\u00e1vaj\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b poruch pozornosti, jako je ADHD, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt nav\u00edc u\u017eite\u010dnou technikou nap\u0159\u00edklad podtrh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nebo ukazov\u00e1n\u00ed na nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti textu. Je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvat grafy, tabulky a dal\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1stroje, kter\u00e9 uspo\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed znalosti a pomohou vybrat nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed informace, na kter\u00e9 se d\u00edt\u011b zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159i zav\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9 struktury pro u\u010den\u00ed a dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly nezapom\u00ednejte vy\u010dlenit \u010das i na dal\u0161\u00ed aktivity, zejm\u00e9na ty, kter\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b bav\u00ed. Jeden den v t\u00fddnu by m\u011bl b\u00fdt dnem bez dom\u00e1c\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f – dbejme na odpo\u010dinek! Rodi\u010de hyperaktivn\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed by m\u011bli zn\u00e1t pot\u0159eby sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte. D\u00edt\u011b s poruchou pozornosti a hyperaktivitou chce podporu, aby se mohlo soust\u0159edit na jednu \u010dinnost a dot\u00e1hnout ji do konce. Chce v\u011bd\u011bt, co bude n\u00e1sledovat. Pot\u0159ebuje \u010das na p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161len\u00ed a nem\u00e1 r\u00e1do, kdy\u017e se na n\u011bj sp\u011bch\u00e1. Kdy\u017e n\u011bco nem\u016f\u017ee ud\u011blat, chce, aby mu dosp\u011bl\u00fd uk\u00e1zal cestu z obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 situace. Pot\u0159ebuje jasn\u00e1 sd\u011blen\u00ed, p\u0159esn\u00e9 pokyny, p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed a \u00fakoly, ve kter\u00fdch se neztrat\u00ed. R\u00e1do chv\u00e1l\u00ed a uv\u011bdomuje si, \u017ee je pro sv\u00e9 okol\u00ed \u00fanavn\u00e9. P\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm v\u0161ak chce b\u00fdt milov\u00e1no a p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1no! Pomoc d\u011btem s ADHD se neomezuje pouze na l\u00e9ky (nap\u0159. methylfenid\u00e1t, atomoxetin). L\u00e9ky pouze sni\u017euj\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enost p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f, ale neodstra\u0148uj\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny poruchy. Rodi\u010de by si m\u011bli v\u0161\u00edmat probl\u00e9m\u016f sekund\u00e1rn\u00edch k ADHD, jako jsou \u0161koln\u00ed ne\u00fasp\u011bch, n\u00edzk\u00e9 sebev\u011bdom\u00ed, poruchy \u0159e\u010di, specifick\u00e9 obt\u00ed\u017ee ve \u010dten\u00ed a psan\u00ed (dyslexie, dysgrafie, dysortografie). Ka\u017ed\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b s ADHD pot\u0159ebuje individu\u00e1ln\u00ed terapii. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b zahrnuje l\u00e9\u010dba hyperaktivity r\u016fzn\u00e9 formy terapie – kompenza\u010dn\u00ed hodiny, behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed terapii, logopedii, metodu senzorick\u00e9 integrace, eduka\u010dn\u00ed kineziologii, muzikoterapii, terapii p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhem, ergoterapii atd. Nejlep\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f se dosahuje p\u0159i spolupr\u00e1ci rodi\u010dovsk\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed a pedagogick\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

      \n

      Zdroje<\/h4>\n
        \n
      • https:\/\/portal.abczdrowie.pl\/dzieci-z-adhd-jak-mozna-im-pomoc<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        D\u011bti s ADHD (poruchou pozornosti s hyperaktivitou) se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed nadm\u011brnou impulzivitou, \u017eivost\u00ed a poruchou pozornosti. Rodi\u010de batolat s ADHD velmi \u010dasto souhlas\u00ed s t\u00edm, aby…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[780],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nD\u011bti s ADHD - Jak jim lze pomoci? - Test Mysli<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/adhd\/deti-s-adhd-jak-jim-lze-pomoci\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u011bti s ADHD - Jak jim lze pomoci? - Test Mysli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"D\u011bti s ADHD (poruchou pozornosti s hyperaktivitou) se vyzna\u010duj\u00ed nadm\u011brnou impulzivitou, \u017eivost\u00ed a poruchou pozornosti. 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