{"id":2452,"date":"2022-08-12T08:00:28","date_gmt":"2022-08-12T12:00:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/?p=2452"},"modified":"2023-12-15T17:37:45","modified_gmt":"2023-12-15T16:37:45","slug":"adhd-a-co-bude-dal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/adhd\/adhd-a-co-bude-dal\/","title":{"rendered":"ADHD a co bude d\u00e1l?"},"content":{"rendered":"

ADHD je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m ji\u017e bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho fakt\u016f i m\u00fdt\u016f. My se v\u0161ak budeme zab\u00fdvat situac\u00ed, kdy na\u0161emu d\u00edt\u011bti ji\u017e byla odborn\u00edky diagnostikov\u00e1na porucha pozornosti s hyperaktivitou neboli ADHD<\/a>.<\/p>\n

ADHD – p\u0159\u00edpad Kuby<\/h4>\n

Kuba p\u0159inesl sv\u00fdm rodi\u010d\u016fm mnoho radosti. Byl typick\u00fdm “\u017eiv\u00fdm st\u0159\u00edbrem”, kamkoli p\u0159i\u0161el, m\u011bl st\u00e1le otev\u0159enou pusu a byl zv\u011bdav\u00fd na v\u0161echno kolem sebe. \u010c\u00edm byl v\u0161ak star\u0161\u00ed, t\u00edm obt\u00ed\u017en\u011bj\u0161\u00ed bylo toto zvl\u00e1dat. B\u011bhem vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed se na n\u011bj musela soust\u0159edit ve\u0161ker\u00e1 pozornost u\u010ditel\u016f, kdy\u017e se zvedl a chodil po t\u0159\u00edd\u011b, pov\u00eddal si se spolu\u017e\u00e1ky, chodil k oknu, odpov\u00eddal na ot\u00e1zky d\u0159\u00edv, ne\u017e je n\u011bkdo stihl dokon\u010dit. St\u00e1le \u010dast\u011bji se objevovaly pozn\u00e1mky o tom, \u017ee je na vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed nep\u0159ipraven\u00fd: zapomn\u011bl si oble\u010den\u00ed na hodinu t\u011blocviku, ztratil se\u0161it, nedokon\u010dil pr\u00e1ci, kterou za\u010dal. Doma, kdy\u017e sed\u011bl u ve\u010de\u0159e ve stejnou dobu, si stihl hr\u00e1t s ko\u010dkou, pak se pod\u00edvat, co se d\u011bje za oknem, a p\u0159in\u00e9st svou obl\u00edbenou hra\u010dku. I kdy\u017e kdy\u017e ho n\u011bco zaujalo, dok\u00e1zal u toho vydr\u017eet. Vm\u00edsil se do hovoru a v\u017edycky m\u011bl co \u0159\u00edct. Na povely nereagoval. Tento Kub\u016fv “temperament”, jak se zd\u00e1lo jeho rodi\u010d\u016fm, jim d\u011blal \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m. U\u010ditelka ve \u0161kole jim doporu\u010dila n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu psychologa nebo d\u011btsk\u00e9ho psychiatra s podez\u0159en\u00edm, \u017ee Kuba m\u00e1 ADHD. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b toho, co l\u00e9ka\u0159i \u0159ekli chlapcovi rodi\u010de, zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazby o n\u011bm ze \u0161koly a vylou\u010den\u00ed jin\u00fdch somatick\u00fdch onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, odborn\u00edk toto podez\u0159en\u00ed potvrdil. Od tohoto okam\u017eiku za\u010dala pro Kubu a jeho p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00e9 dlouh\u00e1 cesta vyrovn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed se s p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD. Jak se uk\u00e1zalo, v\u0161e pro n\u011b bylo nov\u00e9 a ka\u017ed\u00e9 Kubovo chov\u00e1n\u00ed nab\u00fdvalo jin\u00e9ho v\u00fdznamu. To je “u\u010debnicov\u00fd” obraz d\u00edt\u011bte s ADHD. \u010casto je tato porucha doprov\u00e1zena dal\u0161\u00edmi, jako jsou: poruchy chov\u00e1n\u00ed, poruchy n\u00e1lady, specifick\u00e9 \u0161koln\u00ed obt\u00ed\u017ee a u star\u0161\u00edch d\u011bt\u00ed zneu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a z\u00e1vislost na n\u00e1vykov\u00fdch l\u00e1tk\u00e1ch. Proto je v\u010dasn\u00e9 a vhodn\u00e9 veden\u00ed takov\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte tak d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Pochopen\u00ed ADHD<\/h4>\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed informac\u00ed, kterou je t\u0159eba za\u010d\u00edt, je, \u017ee ADHD nen\u00ed vinou rodi\u010d\u016f ani d\u00edt\u011bte. L\u00e9\u010dba ADHD p\u0159edstavuje mnohostrann\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup, na n\u011bm\u017e se pod\u00edl\u00ed jak l\u00e9ka\u0159, tak rodina a \u0161kola. Ne\u017e se cel\u00e1 rodina za\u010dne s t\u00edmto stavem pot\u00fdkat, je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 dob\u0159e poznat sv\u00e9ho soupe\u0159e.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9\u010dba ADHD<\/h4>\n

Prvn\u00edm krokem v l\u00e9\u010db\u011b je psychoedukace rodi\u010d\u016f pacienta, opatrovn\u00edk\u016f i u\u010ditel\u016f a vychovatel\u016f. Informace o poru\u0161e lze z\u00edskat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm od odborn\u00edk\u016f a z mnoha bro\u017eur a p\u0159\u00edru\u010dek na toto t\u00e9ma. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm, ne-li jedn\u00edm z nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch prvk\u016f terapie jsou semin\u00e1\u0159e pro rodi\u010de d\u011bt\u00ed s ADHD, kde se dozv\u00eddaj\u00ed, jak se sv\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011btem jinak jednat a jak \u0159e\u0161it typick\u00e9 probl\u00e9my sv\u00e9ho d\u00edt\u011bte. V z\u00e1vislosti na p\u0159\u00edznac\u00edch a komorbidit\u00e1ch lze tak\u00e9 zv\u00e1\u017eit \u00fa\u010dast pacienta na tr\u00e9ninku nahrazen\u00ed agrese, tr\u00e9ninku soci\u00e1ln\u00edch dovednost\u00ed nebo kognitivn\u011b behavior\u00e1ln\u00ed terapii.<\/p>\n

ADHD – nevinn\u00e9 d\u00edt\u011b?<\/h4>\n

Na za\u010d\u00e1tku je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee mnoho projev\u016f chov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte je zp\u016fsobeno p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD, a nikoli zlou v\u016fl\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte. Nem\u016f\u017eeme d\u00edt\u011b trestat za p\u0159\u00edznaky, stejn\u011b jako netrest\u00e1me n\u011bkoho za to, \u017ee m\u00e1 vysok\u00fd krevn\u00ed tlak! Bylo by d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 um\u011bt rozli\u0161it mezi p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD a ne\u017e\u00e1douc\u00edm, z\u00e1m\u011brn\u00fdm chov\u00e1n\u00edm, kter\u00e9 nen\u00ed zp\u016fsobeno poruchou, nap\u0159. Kuba m\u00e1 probl\u00e9m dokon\u010dit \u00fakol, ale vr\u00e1t\u00ed se k n\u011bmu, kdy\u017e mu v\u011bnujete pozornost a vr\u00e1t\u00edte ho k pr\u00e1ci. To je p\u0159\u00edznak poruchy pozornosti. Nejedn\u00e1 se v\u0161ak o chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy Kuba nepln\u00ed pokyny u\u010ditele a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee to neud\u011bl\u00e1, proto\u017ee se mu nechce. Jedn\u00e1 se o \u00famysln\u00e9 poru\u0161en\u00ed pravidla, kter\u00e9 vy\u017eaduje d\u016fsledky.<\/p>\n

“Br\u00fdle” pro p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD<\/h4>\n

Stejn\u011b jako v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b zrakov\u00e9 vady nos\u00edme br\u00fdle, aby n\u00e1m pomohly l\u00e9pe vid\u011bt a “neutralizovaly” p\u0159\u00edznak v podob\u011b rozmazan\u00e9ho vid\u011bn\u00ed, tak je nasazujeme i na p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD. V tomto p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b jsou “br\u00fdlemi” metody a techniky, kter\u00e9 usnad\u0148uj\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed \u010dlov\u011bka s p\u0159\u00edznaky poruchy pozornosti, impulzivity a hyperaktivity. Tyto metody funguj\u00ed, kdy\u017e je nasad\u00edme, stejn\u011b jako funguj\u00ed br\u00fdle, kdy\u017e si je nasad\u00edme na nos. ADHD vyl\u00e9\u010dit nem\u016f\u017eeme. M\u016f\u017eeme pouze zm\u00edrnit probl\u00e9my spojen\u00e9 s t\u00edmto stavem, mnohem m\u00e9n\u011b zhor\u0161it fungov\u00e1n\u00ed a \u017eivot d\u00edt\u011bte. Ke Kubov\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm pat\u0159ila nesoust\u0159ed\u011bnost p\u0159i pln\u011bn\u00ed dom\u00e1c\u00edch \u00fakol\u016f. Kubovi rodi\u010de pou\u017eili techniku “pr\u00e1zdn\u00e9ho stolu”: odstranili v\u0161echny nepot\u0159ebn\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty ze stolu, st\u011bn a chlapcova okol\u00ed v prostoru, kde d\u011bl\u00e1 dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly. A samotn\u00fd st\u016fl, kter\u00fd b\u00fdval u okna, p\u0159esunuli ke zdi, aby chlapce nerozptylovalo d\u011bn\u00ed venku. Ve \u0161kole Kubu p\u0159esunuli do prvn\u00ed lavice, bl\u00edzko k u\u010diteli, aby se chlapcova pozornost mohla soust\u0159edit p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na v\u00fduku a ne na to, co se d\u011bje ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b. Kubovi rodi\u010de, kdy\u017e po n\u011bm cht\u011bli, aby n\u011bco ud\u011blal, za\u010dali na n\u011bj mluvit kr\u00e1tk\u00fdmi, jednotliv\u00fdmi povely. Museli se tak\u00e9 nau\u010dit p\u0159edv\u00eddat situace, kdy by chlapcova impulzivita mohla b\u00fdt pro n\u011bj nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1, nap\u0159. p\u0159i j\u00edzd\u011b na kole po tras\u00e1ch, kter\u00e9 vedly v bl\u00edzkosti ulic. Rodi\u010de se sna\u017eili pl\u00e1novat aktivity tak, aby m\u011bl Kuba dostatek \u010dasu na fyzickou aktivitu, v\u010detn\u011b pobytu v baz\u00e9nu a hran\u00ed fotbalu. To jsou p\u0159\u00edklady nasazov\u00e1n\u00ed “br\u00fdl\u00ed” na p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD.<\/p>\n

ADHD? Nepropadejte panice!<\/h4>\n

Mnoho p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f pot\u0159ebuje na\u0161e p\u0159ijet\u00ed, nikoliv kontrolu. Je mo\u017en\u00e9 nev\u011bnovat pozornost d\u00edt\u011bti, kter\u00e9 se krout\u00ed na \u017eidli, pokud neru\u0161\u00ed na\u0161i konverzaci. Pokud si chce d\u011blat dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly vle\u017ee na podlaze, pro\u010d by nemohlo? Dokud je dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakol hotov\u00fd a d\u00edt\u011b pracuje, nen\u00ed to probl\u00e9m. Mo\u017en\u00e1 zjist\u00edte, \u017ee mu to sp\u00ed\u0161e pom\u00e1h\u00e1 a zefektiv\u0148uje jeho pr\u00e1ci, ne\u017e aby ji naru\u0161ovalo. Pokud si chce va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159i sledov\u00e1n\u00ed televize z\u00e1rove\u0148 hr\u00e1t s m\u00ed\u010dem – nechte ho. P\u0159ijet\u00ed znamen\u00e1 d\u00edt\u011b klidn\u011b pozorovat, vid\u011bt pozitiva, chv\u00e1lit ho a nepou\u010dovat ho. Pokud t\u00edm, co d\u011bl\u00e1, neohro\u017euje sebe ani ostatn\u00ed, stoj\u00ed za to vyj\u00e1d\u0159it d\u00edt\u011bti p\u0159ijet\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee mu nebudete do jeho aktivit zasahovat. Nem\u016f\u017eeme po\u010d\u00edtat s t\u00edm, \u017ee kdy\u017e d\u00edt\u011bti jednou vysv\u011btl\u00edme, \u017ee si m\u016f\u017ee hr\u00e1t a\u017e pot\u00e9, co si ud\u011bl\u00e1 \u00fakoly, bude si je od t\u00e9 doby pamatovat ka\u017ed\u00fd den. D\u011bti s ADHD si pravidla nepamatuj\u00ed. M\u011bjme to na pam\u011bti d\u0159\u00edve, ne\u017e budeme druh\u00fd den frustrovan\u00ed, kdy\u017e Kub\u00edk za\u010dne hr\u00e1t svou obl\u00edbenou hru den po \u0161kole, a budeme m\u00edt pocit, \u017ee ve\u0161ker\u00e1 na\u0161e snaha je marn\u00e1. D\u011bti budou vy\u017eadovat opakov\u00e1n\u00ed pravidel, na kter\u00fdch jste se dohodli. A p\u0159i jejich dodr\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed stoj\u00ed za to d\u00edt\u011b za to pochv\u00e1lit. Pochval nen\u00ed nikdy dost, za ka\u017edou – pro n\u00e1s sebemen\u0161\u00ed, ale pro d\u00edt\u011b s ADHD ne nutn\u011b – dob\u0159e vykonanou \u010dinnost, za spln\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edkazu, za to, co se povedlo l\u00e9pe ne\u017e p\u0159edt\u00edm. To, \u017ee jsme Kubu jednou pochv\u00e1lili za to, \u017ee efektivn\u011b sn\u011bdl ob\u011bd, neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee kdy\u017e se mu to stane \u010dast\u011bji, m\u016f\u017eeme to p\u0159estat d\u011blat a pova\u017eovat to za norm\u00e1ln\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed. Poka\u017ed\u00e9 to bude jeho \u00fasp\u011bch, kter\u00fd stoj\u00ed za to zd\u016fraznit.<\/p>\n

ADHD ve \u0161kole<\/h4>\n

Po stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy ADHD u d\u00edt\u011bte by m\u011bli u\u010ditel\u00e9 a vychovatel\u00e9 dostat konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed doporu\u010den\u00ed, jak s \u017e\u00e1kem s ADHD pracovat, kter\u00e1 vypracuje l\u00e9\u010debn\u00fd t\u00fdm d\u00edt\u011bte. M\u011bla by b\u00fdt vysv\u011btlena diagn\u00f3za a probr\u00e1ny p\u0159\u00edznaky, kter\u00e9 lze o\u010dek\u00e1vat. Je dobr\u00e9 p\u0159edat u\u010diteli bro\u017euru o ADHD, kterou m\u016f\u017eete z\u00edskat u sv\u00e9ho l\u00e9ka\u0159e nebo psychologa. D\u011bti s ADHD zapom\u00ednaj\u00ed, jak\u00fd dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakol maj\u00ed odevzdat, kdy je test, co si maj\u00ed p\u0159in\u00e9st na dal\u0161\u00ed hodinu v\u00fdtvarn\u00e9 v\u00fdchovy. Tyto probl\u00e9my jsou \u010dast\u00fdm d\u016fvodem, pro\u010d maj\u00ed hor\u0161\u00ed zn\u00e1mky a jsou ve \u0161kole m\u00e9n\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by bylo dobr\u00e9 zalo\u017eit si koresponden\u010dn\u00ed se\u0161it, do kter\u00e9ho by si u\u010ditel\u00e9 po ka\u017ed\u00e9 vyu\u010dovac\u00ed hodin\u011b zapisovali Kub\u00e1nkovy zn\u00e1mky, pochvaly (je vhodn\u00e9 nepsat do se\u0161itu negativn\u00ed koment\u00e1\u0159e, pokud tam pochvala nen\u00ed, sta\u010d\u00ed, aby se to dozv\u011bd\u011bli rodi\u010de), dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly, term\u00edny a rozsah test\u016f a dal\u0161\u00ed d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 informace (nap\u0159. term\u00edny t\u0159\u00eddn\u00edch v\u00fdlet\u016f do kina, exkurz\u00ed, \u0161koln\u00edch akc\u00ed). D\u011bti a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed s ADHD pot\u0159ebuj\u00ed podporu rodi\u010d\u016f po del\u0161\u00ed dobu ne\u017e jejich vrstevn\u00edci. Kdy\u017e va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b p\u0159ejde na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161kolu, nep\u0159est\u00e1vejte mu pom\u00e1hat, i kdy\u017e se zd\u00e1, \u017ee by to v tomto v\u011bku ji\u017e m\u011blo zvl\u00e1dat samo. A pouh\u00e9 p\u0159ipomenut\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bti, aby si sedlo k dom\u00e1c\u00edm \u00fakol\u016fm, nesta\u010d\u00ed k tomu, abyste mohli \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly d\u011bl\u00e1te spole\u010dn\u011b. To z definice vy\u017eaduje discipl\u00ednu i ze strany rodi\u010de – m\u00edt ka\u017ed\u00fd den v ur\u010ditou dobu vyhrazen\u00fd \u010das na to, aby d\u00edt\u011bti pomohl. Pokud to nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, vyplat\u00ed se naj\u00edt n\u011bkoho, kdo v\u00e1m pom\u016f\u017ee. Dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly by m\u011bly b\u00fdt ukon\u010deny spole\u010dn\u00fdm balen\u00edm \u0161koln\u00ed ta\u0161ky a p\u0159\u00edpravou v\u011bc\u00ed pot\u0159ebn\u00fdch na dal\u0161\u00ed den do \u0161koly. \u010castou ot\u00e1zkou rodi\u010d\u016f je, zda by jejich d\u00edt\u011b s ADHD m\u011blo nav\u0161t\u011bvovat inkluzivn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddu. Je to dobr\u00e9 \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed, hlavn\u011b proto, \u017ee takov\u00e9 t\u0159\u00eddy jsou men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e tradi\u010dn\u00ed t\u0159\u00eddy a \u017ee t\u0159\u00eddu \u010dasto doprov\u00e1z\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00fd u\u010ditel. To umo\u017e\u0148uje lep\u0161\u00ed kontrolu nad t\u00edm, co se s d\u00edt\u011btem b\u011bhem vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bje. D\u016fvodem by v\u0161ak nem\u011blo b\u00fdt fale\u0161n\u00e9 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9 onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed u\u010den\u00ed a norm\u00e1ln\u00edmu fungov\u00e1n\u00ed mezi vrstevn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

L\u00e9ky na ADHD<\/h4>\n

ADHD je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, u kter\u00e9ho mohou m\u00edt l\u00e9ky pouze pomocnou funkci. Nenahrad\u00ed jin\u00e9, nefarmakologick\u00e9 intervence. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee obdr\u017een\u00edm p\u0159edpisu od l\u00e9ka\u0159e va\u0161e jedn\u00e1n\u00ed nekon\u010d\u00ed. L\u00e9ka\u0159 m\u016f\u017ee rozhodnout o za\u0159azen\u00ed l\u00e9k\u016f v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee jin\u00e9 metody terapie a \u00faprava v\u00fdchovn\u00fdch postup\u016f nemaj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u00fd efekt, nebo pokud jsou p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD v dob\u011b stanoven\u00ed diagn\u00f3zy velmi z\u00e1va\u017en\u00e9. P\u0159i jednoduch\u00e9m ch\u00e1p\u00e1n\u00ed nemoci se zd\u00e1, \u017ee pokud je d\u00edt\u011b hyperaktivn\u00ed, pak pot\u0159ebuje “zklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed” l\u00e9ky. Rodi\u010de se ptaj\u00ed, zda l\u00e9ky na ADHD jejich d\u011bti “utlum\u00ed”, zda po nich budou “letargick\u00e9”. Na rozd\u00edl od v\u0161eobecn\u00e9ho p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den\u00ed pacienti s ADHD nepot\u0159ebuj\u00ed “uklid\u0148uj\u00edc\u00ed” l\u00e9ky, kter\u00e9 by je “zklidnily” nebo sn\u00ed\u017eily jejich aktivitu. P\u0159\u00edpravky pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b poruchy pozornosti s hyperaktivitou jsou \u010dasto psychostimulancia, nap\u0159. methylfenid\u00e1t, kter\u00e1 upravuj\u00ed \u00farove\u0148 excitace \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed mozku zodpov\u011bdn\u00fdch za kontrolu pozornosti, inhibi\u010dn\u00ed procesy a aktivitu. Umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00ed d\u011btem vykonat v\u00edce pr\u00e1ce, l\u00e9ky prodlu\u017euj\u00ed dobu pozornosti a tlum\u00ed impulzivitu. Nel\u00e9\u010d\u00ed v\u0161ak ADHD stejn\u011b jako antibiotika ang\u00ednu. Sp\u00ed\u0161e je lze p\u0159irovnat k l\u00e9\u010db\u011b hypertenze nebo cukrovky, kdy l\u00e9ky pom\u00e1haj\u00ed kontrolovat p\u0159\u00edznaky a sni\u017euj\u00ed riziko komplikac\u00ed onemocn\u011bn\u00ed. L\u00e9ky u ADHD mimo jin\u00e9 pomohou d\u00edt\u011bti l\u00e9pe se soust\u0159edit a d\u00e9le pracovat, ale neovlivn\u00ed to, \u017ee se mu st\u00e1le nechce d\u011blat dom\u00e1c\u00ed \u00fakoly.<\/p>\n

ADHD – zm\u00edrn\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f<\/h4>\n

Tyto l\u00e9ky funguj\u00ed pouze tehdy, kdy\u017e jsou pod\u00e1v\u00e1ny! Methylfenid\u00e1t p\u016fsob\u00ed v rozmez\u00ed 4 a\u017e 12 hodin – v z\u00e1vislosti na typu p\u0159\u00edpravku. To m\u00e1 sv\u00e9 nev\u00fdhody, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edznaky se po t\u00e9to dob\u011b ka\u017ed\u00fd den znovu objevuj\u00ed. Tato vlastnost l\u00e9ku v\u0161ak m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i v\u00fdhodou. Pokud d\u00edt\u011b pot\u0159ebuje pomoci p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm se \u0161koln\u00edm fungov\u00e1n\u00edm, u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 l\u00e9k pouze ve dnech \u0161koln\u00edho vyu\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed s p\u0159est\u00e1vkou o v\u00edkendech, pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch a sv\u00e1tc\u00edch. Po pr\u00e1zdnin\u00e1ch se \u0161koln\u00ed fungov\u00e1n\u00ed d\u00edt\u011bte a p\u0159\u00edtomnost p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f znovu vyhodnot\u00ed v prvn\u00edm m\u011bs\u00edci \u0161koln\u00edho roku. M\u016f\u017ee se st\u00e1t, \u017ee pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed ve farmakoterapii ji\u017e nebude nutn\u00e9, proto\u017ee p\u0159\u00edznaky ADHD se mohou s dosp\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm d\u00edt\u011bte zm\u00edr\u0148ovat. Mezi nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vedlej\u0161\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinky t\u011bchto l\u00e9k\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed poruchy sp\u00e1nku, sn\u00ed\u017een\u00e1 chu\u0165 k j\u00eddlu, gastrointestin\u00e1ln\u00ed poruchy a bolesti hlavy. Dal\u0161\u00edm l\u00e9kem registrovan\u00fdm v Polsku pro l\u00e9\u010dbu ADHD je atomoxetin, kter\u00fd se pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 nej\u010dast\u011bji v p\u0159\u00edpadech nesn\u00e1\u0161enlivosti methylfenid\u00e1tu nebo existence kontraindikac\u00ed jeho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed. Od methylfenid\u00e1tu se li\u0161\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm t\u00edm, \u017ee jeho \u00fa\u010dinek je patrn\u00fd a\u017e po p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2 t\u00fddnech pravideln\u00e9ho u\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed a pln\u00fd efekt po 4-6 t\u00fddnech l\u00e9\u010dby. Atomoxetin p\u016fsob\u00ed nep\u0159etr\u017eit\u011b. V l\u00e9\u010db\u011b ADHD se pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed tak\u00e9 tricyklick\u00e1 antidepresiva, klonidin aj. Ka\u017ed\u00fd l\u00e9k m\u00e1 sv\u00e1 omezen\u00ed, v\u00fdhody a nev\u00fdhody. O tom, kter\u00fd l\u00e9k m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt pro va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b nejvhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, rozhoduje l\u00e9ka\u0159. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 je tak\u00e9 p\u0159i ka\u017ed\u00e9 n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b l\u00e9ka\u0159e informovat o zm\u011bn\u00e1ch v chov\u00e1n\u00ed va\u0161eho d\u00edt\u011bte ve \u0161kole a doma a o tom, jak to vn\u00edmaj\u00ed u\u010ditel\u00e9 a vychovatel\u00e9. To pom\u016f\u017ee p\u0159izp\u016fsobit l\u00e9\u010dbu pot\u0159eb\u00e1m pacienta. D\u00edt\u011b s ADHD je norm\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u00edt\u011b a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed. M\u00e1 sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed v\u00e1\u0161n\u011b, z\u00e1jmy a charakter. Proto je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9, aby Kuba z\u016fstal Kubou, a ne skupinou p\u0159\u00edznak\u016f a probl\u00e9m\u016f. Stoj\u00ed za to naj\u00edt si ka\u017ed\u00fd den chvilku na rozhovor s d\u00edt\u011btem a pochv\u00e1lit ho za konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed i ty nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bchy dne. Diagn\u00f3za ADHD u d\u00edt\u011bte m\u016f\u017ee rodin\u011b zm\u011bnit \u017eivot. D\u011bti a dosp\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed s touto poruchou vy\u017eaduj\u00ed mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rodi\u010dovskou podporu a p\u00e9\u010di ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed vrstevn\u00edci. Jde o to budovat spole\u010dn\u00fd vztah a povzbuzovat i za ty nejmen\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bchy. \u010casem zjist\u00edte, \u017ee pro va\u0161e d\u00edt\u011b to byl nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed faktor jeho \u00fasp\u011bchu.<\/p>\n

\n

Zdroj<\/p>\n

    \n
  • https:\/\/www.medonet.pl\/ciaza-i-dziecko\/choroby-dzieciece,adhd-u-dzieci—objawy–leczenie,artykul,1647449.html<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    ADHD je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m ji\u017e bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho fakt\u016f i m\u00fdt\u016f. My se v\u0161ak budeme zab\u00fdvat situac\u00ed, kdy na\u0161emu d\u00edt\u011bti ji\u017e byla odborn\u00edky diagnostikov\u00e1na…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2453,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[780],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nADHD a co bude d\u00e1l? - Test Mysli<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.diagnostika-mysli.cz\/blog\/adhd\/adhd-a-co-bude-dal\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"ADHD a co bude d\u00e1l? - Test Mysli\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"ADHD je onemocn\u011bn\u00ed, o kter\u00e9m ji\u017e bylo naps\u00e1no mnoho fakt\u016f i m\u00fdt\u016f. 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